Editing Benn Miguel Posner 2010
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==='''Introduction and Research Findings'''=== | ==='''Introduction and Research Findings'''=== | ||
The researchers hypothesize that "if ethnic identities are tools that people use to get access to political power, then they are likely to be rendered most salient when political power is at stake— that is, at election time." Second, the researchers hypothesize that the role of ethnic identity will become more important when elections are competitive. To test these assertions, they used survey data on social identity from 22 rounds across ten African nations. They reached the following conclusions from the survey data: | The researchers hypothesize that "if ethnic identities are tools that people use to get access to political power, then they are likely to be rendered most salient when political power is at stake— that is, at election time." Second, the researchers hypothesize that the role of ethnic identity will become more important when elections are competitive. To test these assertions, they used survey data on social identity from 22 rounds across ten African nations. They reached the following conclusions from the survey data: | ||
1)In African countries, the strength of ethnic identification changes significantly over time. | 1)In African countries, the strength of ethnic identification changes significantly over time. | ||
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The researchers also wanted to assess which identities are displaced when ethnic identity rises in importance. They looked at four other categories of social identity: ethnicity, class, religion, and gender. The researchers found that increasing the importance of ethnic identity in proximity to an election decreases the importance of class identity.The researchers also wanted to understand what types of people are more likely to identify in ethnic terms. They found strong evidence to support that people who work in modern sectors of the economy are more likely to identify in ethnic terms than people in the traditional sector of the economy. | The researchers also wanted to assess which identities are displaced when ethnic identity rises in importance. They looked at four other categories of social identity: ethnicity, class, religion, and gender. The researchers found that increasing the importance of ethnic identity in proximity to an election decreases the importance of class identity.The researchers also wanted to understand what types of people are more likely to identify in ethnic terms. They found strong evidence to support that people who work in modern sectors of the economy are more likely to identify in ethnic terms than people in the traditional sector of the economy. | ||
The researchers also made | The researchers also made three methodological contributions: | ||
1)The researchers introduce a novel statistical approach through using a multinomial logit empirical methodology that permits inference about the factors associated with the salience of multiple dimensions of social identity. | |||
2)They used a | |||
==='''The Political Sources of Ethnic Identification'''=== | ==='''The Political Sources of Ethnic Identification'''=== | ||
Competitiveness of a presidential election is a possible explanation for variations in the tendency of survey respondents to identify in ethnic terms. The authors provide the possible hypothesis that "''the strength of ethnic identity is dependent on the competitiveness of elections''" and have provided the followings analyses: | Competitiveness of a presidential election is a possible explanation for variations in the tendency of survey respondents to identify in ethnic terms. The authors provide the possible hypothesis that "''the strength of ethnic identity is dependent on the competitiveness of elections''" and have provided the followings analyses: |